Ukraine Pivdenmash (Yuzhmash)
Sapsan (1KR1) / Hrim-2
Ukraine's domestically developed short-range ballistic missile, designated 1KR1 Sapsan in Ukrainian service and marketed for export as Hrim-2. Developed by KB Pivdenne and built by Pivdenmash (Yuzhmash) in Dnipro, it entered serial production in June 2025 and Ukraine has confirmed its combat use, with a domestic range of up to 500 km and an MTCR-compliant export range of roughly 280-300 km.
Compiled from public sources ·primary reference ↗ ·last verified 2026-07-30
500
km range
5.2
Mach
480
kg warhead
Pricing: Unit cost not publicly disclosed
Procurement snapshot
Availability & export
National export licensing
Subject to Ukraine export-control approval; verify eligibility with the manufacturer.
Channel: Direct commercial / G2G
Fielded & proven
Operator data not public
Status: active.
Lifecycle cost (est.)
No public unit price to model from. Why so few systems publish one →
Interoperability
No standardised NATO calibre / datalink detected in public specs.
Derived guidance from public data, export regime by country of origin, lifecycle from the GAO ~30% acquisition rule. Verify eligibility, pricing and offsets with the manufacturer and your acquisition authority.
Overview
The Sapsan, designated 1KR1 in Ukrainian service, is Ukraine's domestically developed short-range ballistic missile, the product of a program with roots going back to the mid-2000s under the Hrim-2 (also transliterated Grom-2) designation originally pursued in part for export. It is designed by KB Pivdenne (Yuzhnoye Design Bureau) and manufactured by Pivdenmash (formerly Yuzhmash) in Dnipro, using a single-stage solid-propellant rocket motor and reportedly reaching terminal speeds above Mach 5. The missile carries a roughly 480 kg high-explosive warhead. Ukraine's domestic Sapsan variant is reported to reach a range of up to 500 km, while an export-oriented Hrim-2 configuration is limited to roughly 280-300 km to comply with Missile Technology Control Regime restrictions. Ukraine announced serial production of the Sapsan in June 2025 following successful testing, and President Volodymyr Zelensky confirmed its first combat use later that year, making it the first fully domestically developed ballistic missile Ukraine has employed in the war. Full-rate production volumes and unit cost have not been publicly disclosed.
Full specifications
Performance
Speed, range, altitude and engagement capability.
| Max speed (Mach) Maximum speed as a multiple of the speed of sound. Mach 2+ is typical for air-superiority fighters. | 5.2 Mach |
|---|---|
| Range Maximum distance: ferry range for aircraft, operational range for vehicles, maximum engagement distance for missiles. Higher means more standoff or persistence. | 500 km |
Firepower
Armament, payload and guidance.
| Warhead Warhead mass. Heavier generally means larger effect radius, at the cost of range. | 480 kg |
|---|---|
| Warhead type Blast-fragmentation, shaped charge (HEAT), penetrator, thermobaric or nuclear-capable. | High-explosive |
Physical
Dimensions, weight and crew.
| Length Overall length including gun/probe where applicable. | 7.2 m |
|---|---|
| Width Overall width, matters for rail/road transport of vehicles. | 0.9 m |
Propulsion
Engine, power and fuel.
| Propulsion type Turbofan, turboshaft, diesel, gas turbine, solid-fuel rocket, ramjet… | Single-stage solid-propellant rocket |
|---|
Specifications compiled from public Pivdenmash (Yuzhmash) and reference sources ↗. Published defense figures are approximations, treat comparisons as directional. Last verified 2026-07-30.
Compare with rivals
See how it stacks up
Boeing AGM-86 ALCM Frequently asked questions
What is the range of the Pivdenmash (Yuzhmash) Sapsan (1KR1) / Hrim-2? +
The Pivdenmash (Yuzhmash) Sapsan (1KR1) / Hrim-2 has a maximum range of 500 km.
What is the Pivdenmash (Yuzhmash) Sapsan (1KR1) / Hrim-2 used for? +
The Pivdenmash (Yuzhmash) Sapsan (1KR1) / Hrim-2 is a missile typically used for deep strike, strike.
How much does the Pivdenmash (Yuzhmash) Sapsan (1KR1) / Hrim-2 cost? +
Pivdenmash (Yuzhmash) Sapsan (1KR1) / Hrim-2: Unit cost not publicly disclosed. Defense program costs are rarely fully public and vary by contract and configuration.
