Kalibr (3M-14)

A Russian family of ship- and submarine-launched cruise missiles with land-attack, anti-ship and anti-submarine variants, roughly analogous to the US Tomahawk. The 3M-14 land-attack version has been used extensively in Syria and against Ukraine from Black Sea and Caspian platforms.

In service since 1994

Compiled from public sources ·primary reference ↗ ·last verified 2026-07-02

2,500

km range

0.8

Mach

450

kg warhead

Several performance figures for Russia-origin systems are manufacturer or state claims with limited independent verification. Treat these specs as directional, not tested values.

Pricing: Unit cost not publicly disclosed

Procurement snapshot

Availability & export

Russian state channel

Rosoboronexport monopoly; Western sanctions exposure and payment/logistics risk for many buyers.

Channel: Rosoboronexport (state)

Fielded & proven

Operator data not public

In service since 1994. Status: active.

Lifecycle cost (est.)

No public unit price to model from.

Interoperability

No standardised NATO calibre / datalink detected in public specs.

Derived guidance from public data — export regime by country of origin, lifecycle from the GAO ~30% acquisition rule. Verify eligibility, pricing and offsets with the manufacturer and your acquisition authority.

Full specifications

Performance

Speed, range, altitude and engagement capability.

Max speed (Mach) Maximum speed as a multiple of the speed of sound. Mach 2+ is typical for air-superiority fighters.: 0.8 Mach

Stronger than 17% of missiles
Range Maximum distance: ferry range for aircraft, operational range for vehicles, maximum engagement distance for missiles. Higher means more standoff or persistence.: 2,500 km

Top 4% of missiles

Firepower

Armament, payload and guidance.

Warhead Warhead mass. Heavier generally means larger effect radius, at the cost of range.: 450 kg

Stronger than 72% of missiles
Warhead type Blast-fragmentation, shaped charge (HEAT), penetrator, thermobaric or nuclear-capable.: High-explosive fragmentation or submunition dispenser
Guidance How the weapon finds its target: inertial, GPS/GLONASS, active/semi-active radar, infrared, laser, TV, wire.: Inertial navigation, GLONASS, Terrain contour matching

Physical

Dimensions, weight and crew.

Length Overall length including gun/probe where applicable.: 8.9 m
Combat weight Fully loaded weight. Lighter eases transport and bridging limits; heavier often means more armor.: 1,770 kg

Propulsion

Engine, power and fuel.

Propulsion type Turbofan, turboshaft, diesel, gas turbine, solid-fuel rocket, ramjet…: Turbofan with solid rocket booster

Specifications compiled from public Almaz-Antey and reference sources ↗. Published defense figures are approximations — treat comparisons as directional. Last verified 2026-07-02.

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