TOS-1A Solntsepyok

A tracked thermobaric heavy flamethrower system mounted on a T-72 chassis, firing unguided 220 mm rockets with fuel-air explosive warheads for area destruction against fortified positions. It is operated by Russian NBC-protection and combat engineer units.

In service since 2001 · 6 operator countries

Compiled from public sources ·primary reference ↗ ·last verified 2026-07-02

km/h

550

km range

220

mm gun

46,000

Several performance figures for Russia-origin systems are manufacturer or state claims with limited independent verification. Treat these specs as directional, not tested values.

Pricing: No public unit cost

Procurement snapshot

Availability & export

Russian state channel

Rosoboronexport monopoly; Western sanctions exposure and payment/logistics risk for many buyers.

Channel: Rosoboronexport (state)

Fielded & proven

Established · 6 operators

In service since 2001. Status: active · ~100 built.

Lifecycle cost (est.)

No public unit price to model from.

Interoperability

No standardised NATO calibre / datalink detected in public specs.

Derived guidance from public data — export regime by country of origin, lifecycle from the GAO ~30% acquisition rule. Verify eligibility, pricing and offsets with the manufacturer and your acquisition authority.

Full specifications

Performance

Speed, range, altitude and engagement capability.

Max speed Maximum level speed. For aircraft this is at optimal altitude; for ground vehicles, top road speed. Higher means faster response and better kinematic performance.: 60 km/h

Stronger than 27% of artillery systems
Range Maximum distance: ferry range for aircraft, operational range for vehicles, maximum engagement distance for missiles. Higher means more standoff or persistence.: 550 km

Stronger than 65% of artillery systems
Rate of fire Rounds per minute (cyclic). Higher increases suppression and hit probability.: 24 rpm

Top 4% of artillery systems

Firepower

Armament, payload and guidance.

Main armament Primary weapon: main gun, cannon or missile type.: 24-tube 220 mm thermobaric rocket launcher
Caliber Bore diameter of the main gun or rifle. Larger throws heavier projectiles; not simply better — ammunition commonality matters.: 220 mm
Ammunition Rounds carried (main gun) or standard magazine capacity.: 24

Stronger than 48% of artillery systems
Max firing range Maximum range of the main gun or rocket artillery (with assisted/extended-range munitions where noted). Higher extends reach.: 6 km

Bottom 1% of artillery systems

Protection

Armor, countermeasures and survivability.

Armor Armor technology: composite, modular, ERA-fitted, uranium-ceramic. Exact compositions are classified.: T-72 chassis composite/steel armor
NBC protection Sealed crew compartment with overpressure filtration for nuclear/biological/chemical environments.: Yes

Physical

Dimensions, weight and crew.

Combat weight Fully loaded weight. Lighter eases transport and bridging limits; heavier often means more armor.: 46,000 kg
Crew Personnel required to operate. Fewer reduces exposure; autoloaders trade a loader for mechanical complexity.: 3

Propulsion

Engine, power and fuel.

Engine Powerplant model and type.: V-84MS diesel
Engine power Engine output power. Higher moves more weight faster.: 840 hp

Stronger than 72% of artillery systems
Propulsion type Turbofan, turboshaft, diesel, gas turbine, solid-fuel rocket, ramjet…: Diesel

Program

Cost, production scale and operators.

Units built Total production run. Higher means proven manufacturing, mature logistics and spares availability.: 100

Stronger than 12% of artillery systems
Operator countries Number of countries operating the system. More operators means broader support ecosystem.: 6

Stronger than 60% of artillery systems

Specifications compiled from public Uralvagonzavod and reference sources ↗. Published defense figures are approximations — treat comparisons as directional. Last verified 2026-07-02.

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